Leer is a Spanish irregular verb which means “to read”.
Leer in the Indicative Present
The Indicative Present is commonly referred to as the present tense, a verb which describes actions, conditions that are occurring in the present time. An event or thought that is happening now or in the near future. It is also used to talk about facts and truths. For example, “leo un libro“, meaning “I read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Present is known as “El Presente”.
Leer in the Indicative Preterite
The Indicative Preterite is used to talk about actions completed in the past, at a specific point in time. For example, “leí un libro“, meaning “I read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Preterite is known as “El Pretérito Indefinido”.
Leer in the Indicative Imperfect
The Indicative Imperfect is used to describe regular and repeated actions that happened in the past and descriptions of things you used to do. For example, “leía un libro“, meaning “I used to read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Imperfect is known as “El Pretérito Imperfecto”.
Leer in the Indicative Present Continuous
The Indicative Present Continuous is used to talk about something that is happening continuously or right now. For example, “estoy leyendo un libro“, meaning “I am reading a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Present Continuous is known as “El Presente Progresivo”.
Leer in the Indicative Informal Future
The Indicative Informal Future is used to talk about something that will happen in the future, especially in the near future. For example, “voy a leer un libro“, meaning “I am going to read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Informal Future is known as “El Futuro Próximo”.
Leer in the Indicative Future
The Indicative Future is used to talk about something that will happen in the future. For example, “leeré un libro“, meaning “I will read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Future is known as “El Futuro Simple”.
Leer in the Indicative Conditional
The Indicative Conditional is used to talk about something that may happen in the future, hypothesis and probabilities. For example, “leería un libro“, meaning “I would read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Conditional is known as “El Condicional Simple”.
Leer in the Indicative Present Perfect
The Indicative Present Perfect is used to describe actions that started recently (in the past) and are still happening now or things that have been done recently. For example, “he leído un libro“, meaning “I have read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Present Perfect is known as “El Pretérito Perfecto”.
Leer in the Indicative Past Perfect
The Indicative Past Perfect is used to talk about actions that happened before another action in the past. For example, “había leído un libro“, meaning “I had read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Past Perfect is known as “El Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto”.
Leer in the Indicative Future Perfect
The Indicative Future Perfect is used to talk about something that will have happened in the future after something else has already happened. For example, “habré leído un libro“, meaning “I will have read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Future Perfect is known as “El Futuro Perfecto”.
Leer in the Indicative Conditional Perfect
The Indicative Conditional Perfect is used to talk about something that would have happened in the past but didn’t due to another action. For example, “habría leído un libro“, meaning “I would have read a book“.
In Spanish, the Indicative Conditional Perfect is known as “El Condicional Perfecto”.
Subjunctive Tenses of Leer
Leer in the Subjunctive Present
The Subjunctive Present is used to talk about situations of uncertainty, or emotions such as wishes, desires and hopes. It differs from the indicative mood due to the uncertainty of the events which are being spoken about. For example, “lea“, meaning “I read“.
In Spanish, the Subjunctive Present is known as “El Presente de Subjuntivo”.
Leer in the Subjunctive Imperfect
The Subjunctive Imperfect is used to speak about unlikely or uncertain events in the past or to cast an opinion (emotional) about something that happened in the past. For example, “leyera“, meaning “I read“.
In Spanish, the Subjunctive Imperfect is known as “El Imperfecto Subjuntivo”.
Leer in the Subjunctive Future
The Subjunctive Future is used to speak about hypothetical situations, and actions/events that may happen in the future. For example, “leyere“, meaning “I will read“.
In Spanish, the Subjunctive Future is known as “El Futuro de Subjuntivo”.
Leer in the Subjunctive Present Perfect
The Subjunctive Present Perfect is used to describe past actions or events that are still connected to the present day and to speak about an action that will have happened by a certain time in the future. For example, “haya leído“, meaning “I have read“.
In Spanish, the Subjunctive Present Perfect is known as “El Pretérito Perfecto de Subjuntivo”.
Leer in the Subjunctive Past Perfect
The Subjunctive Past Perfect is used to speak about hypothetical situations, and actions/events that occurred before other actions/events in the past. For example, “hubiera leído“, meaning “I had read“.
In Spanish, the Subjunctive Past Perfect is known as “El Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo”.
Leer in the Subjunctive Future Perfect
The Subjunctive Future Perfect is used to speak about something that will have happened if a hypothetical situation occurs in the future. For example, “hubiere leído“, meaning “I will have read“.
In Spanish, the Subjunctive Future Perfect is known as “El Futuro Perfecto de Subjuntivo”.
Imperative Tenses of Leer
Leer in the Imperative Affirmative
The Imperative Affirmative is used to give orders and commands, to tell someone to do something. For example, “lea“, meaning “(to you formal) read!“.
In Spanish, the Imperative Affirmative is known as “El Imperativo Afirmativo”.
Leer in the Imperative Negative
The Imperative Negative is used to give orders and commands, telling someone not to do something. For example, “no lea“, meaning “(to you formal) don’t read!“.
In Spanish, the Imperative Negative is known as “El Imperativo Negativo”.
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